Vocabulary Intro
သံုးႏုိင္မယ္ျပီးေတာ့သူေရးတဲ့စာေတြကလည္းသာမန္ေ၀ါဟာရေလာက္ပဲသိတဲ့လူေရးတဲ့
စာထက္ပိုျပီးေတာ့ဖတ္လို႕ေကာင္းျပီးအႏွစ္သာရရွိမွာ
အမွန္ပါပဲ။ ျပီးေတာ့လည္းစာဖတ္တဲ့အခါမွာလည္းလြယ္ကူလာမွာပါ။ အဲလိုေ၀ါဟာရေတြကိုက်က္မယ္ေလ့လာမယ္ဆိုရင္ အေကာင္းဆံုးနဲ႕အလြယ္ဆံုးနည္းလမ္းႏွစ္မ်ိဳးကုိေျပာျပခ်င္ပါတယ္။ အဲဒါေတြကေတာ့...
၁) စာလံုးအသစ္ေတြကုိက်က္မယ္ဆုိရင္စာလံုးခ်ည္းပဲ မက်က္ပဲနဲ႕၀ါက်အေနနဲ႕မွတ္ျခင္း
၂) က်က္ျပီးရင္ ဒီအတုိင္းမေနပဲနဲ႕တတ္ႏုိင္သေလာက္ကိုယ္က်က္ထားတဲ့ေ၀ါဟာရေတြကို အျမန္ဆံုးလက္ေတြ႕အသံုးခ်ျခင္း
စတဲ့အခ်က္ႏွစ္ခ်က္ပါ။
ဥပမာအေနနဲ႕ေျပာရရင္။
၁) ၀ါက်အေနနဲ႕မွတ္မယ္ဆုိတဲ့ေနရာမွာအဲဒီ၀ါက်ကို ကိုယ့္စိတ္ႀကိဳက္ေရြးလို႕ရပါတယ္။ သူ႕မူရင္း၀ါက်ကိုသံုးခ်င္သံုး၊ မသံုးရင္လည္းကိုယ္ပိုင္၀ါက်တစ္ခုလုပ္လို႕ရပါတယ္။ ဒါေပမဲ့ စာလံုးရဲ႕အဓိပၸာယ္ကိုထိထိေရာက္ေရာက္ေထာက္ျပႏုိင္တဲ့၀ါက်မ်ိဳးျဖစ္ရပါမယ္။၀ါက်နဲ႕
မွတ္တယ္ဆုိတဲ့ေနရာမွာစစခ်င္းက်က္ခ်င္းကေတာ့၀ါက်ကိုမွတ္မိေနေပမယ့္ေနာက္ႀကာလာရင္ေတာ့ အဲဒီ၀ါက်ကုိေမ့သြားႏုိင္ပါတယ္။ဒါေပမဲ့ကိစၥမရွိပါဘူး။ဘာလို႕လဲဆုိေတာ့စာလံုးရဲ႕အဓိပၸာယ္ကေတာ့
ကုိယ့္ေခါင္းထဲမွာစြဲစြဲျမဲျမဲပဲက်န္ခဲ့မွာပါ။ဒါေႀကာင့္စာလံုးအသစ္က်က္ရင္၀ါက်နဲ႕တြဲမွတ္ပါလုိ႕
တုိက္တြန္းလိုပါတယ္။
၂) အျမန္ဆံုးလက္ေတြ႕အသံုးခ်ပါဆုိတာကေတာ့ စာလံုးရဲ႕ အဓိပၸာယ္ကိုပဲသိျပီးမသံုးရင္ ဒါမွမဟုတ္အျမန္ဆံုးအသံုးမခ်ဘူးဆုိရင္အလကားပါပဲ။ အျမန္ဆံုးသံုးလိုက္မွ ဒီစာလံုးတစ္လံုးကိုဘယ္လိုသံုးရမလဲ ဘယ္ေနရာမွာသံုးရင္အဆင္ေျပမလဲဆုိတာကိုသိလာမွာပါ။ ဒီေတာ့စာလံုးတစ္လံုးကိုစက်က္တာနဲ႕ အခ်ိန္အတိုင္းအတာတစ္ခုႀကာလာတာနဲ႕ကိုယ္ကဒီစာလံုးကိုပိုင္ပိုင္ႏုိင္ႏုိင္ရွိလာမွာပါ။ အဲဒီစာလံုးကလည္းကုိယ့္အတြက္အသံုး၀င္လာမွာပါ။ ေနာက္ျပီးအဲလိုသံုးလိုက္ရင္ ပိုျပီးေတာ့မွတ္မိေစပါတယ္။
ဒီအခ်က္ႏွစ္ခ်က္နဲ႕ဆုိရင္ေတာ့ေ၀ါဟာရအသစ္ေတြက်က္ရတာ၀န္ထုပ္၀န္ပိုးမျဖစ္ပဲနဲ႕ ေပါ့ေပါ့ပါးပါးျဖစ္လာမွာပါ။
ဒီႏွစ္ခ်က္ကိုအသံုးခ်ျပီး အခုေနာက္ပိုင္းေဖာ္ျပမယ့္ေ၀ါဟာရေတြကိုလက္ေတြ႕က်က္ႀကည့္ရေအာင္လား။
Vocabulary Chapter-1
ပထမစစခ်င္း ေ၀ါဟာရေတြရဲ႕အဓိပၸာယ္ကို dictionary ထဲမွာမရွာပဲနဲ႕ ေအာက္ကေလ့က်င့္ခန္းေလးနဲ႕စမ္းႀကည့္ပါ။
Vocabulary မ်ား၏အဓိပၸာယ္ေတြကုိ စာေႀကာင္းေတြကေနခန္႕မွန္းျပီးေတာ့ ေအာက္တြင္ေဖာ္ျပထားေသာသံုးလံုးထဲမွအနီးစပ္ဆံုးစာလံုးကိုေရြးပါ။
1) acknowledge - v
- Stubborn people often find it difficult to acknowledge their errors. They hate to admit they were wrong.
- Even after most of the votes had been counted, Senator Rice refused to acknowledge that he had lost.
2) alternative - n
- The teacher stated the alternatives to Tim-retake the test or get a D for the course.
- When her dog began to suffer from cancer, Wanda felt she had no alternative. He would have to be put to sleep.
3) anecdote - n
- Dad told the children an anecdote about getting his tie caught in a file cabinet at work just as the boss walked in.
- I once heard an anecdote about a stagehand's revenge on a bossy actor. The stagehand put wheels on a table used in the play, so when the actor leaped onto the table during the most dramatic scene, he rolled straight off into the wings.
4) appropriate- adj
- Chuck has little sense of what is socially appropriate. For example, he went to his sister's wedding in running shoes.
- Although it is appropriate for a man to take his hat off in church, in a synagogue it is proper for a man to cover his head.
5) avert- v
- Renata averted an unpleasant meeting with her ex-boyfriend by leaving the store before he saw her.
- To avert an accident, Larry turned his car sharply to the right and ran into a stop sign.
6) candid- adj
- I'll give you my candid opinion, but you may not like what you hear.
- My heart always sinks when Robbie invites me to his house for dinner. He's a wonderful person, but to be candid, he's a terrible cook.
7) compel- v
- My history teacher would often compel us to do useless work, such as memorizing the date each state entered the union.
- If the law did not compel people to pay taxes, no one would pay them.
8) comply- v
- If someone with an iron pipe demands your wallet, it is safer to comply than to resist.
- "My wife is so used to being the boss at work, " Martin said, "that she is annoyed when I don't comply with her every request at home."
9) concise- adj
- Because of limited space, most newspaper articles must be concise.
- Unlike many politicians, our mayor is concise- his speeches are short but say much.
10) drastic- adj
- The company's new president took drastic steps, closing two factories and laying off three hundred employees.
- "This time I will let you off with just an hour of staying after school, " the pricncipal said, " But if it happens again, the punishment will be more drastic."
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အေျဖမ်ား
1) acknowlege- C [ ၀န္ခံသည္ ]
2) alternative - A [ ေရြးခ်ယ္ျခင္း ]
3) anecdote - B [ ပံုျပင္တုိ ]
4) appropriate - C [ သင့္ေတာ္သည္ ]
5) avert - B [ ကာကြယ္သည္ ]
6) candid - A [ ပြင့္လင္းသည္ ]
7) compel - C [ အတင္းအက်ပ္ခုိင္းေစသည္ ]
8) comply - B [ လုိက္နာသည္ ]
9) concise- C [ လိုရင္းတုိရွင္း]
10) drastic- B [ ျပင္းထန္ထိေရာက္ေသာ]
အခုအဓိပၸာယ္ေတြသိသြားျပီဆိုေတာ့ ဒီေလ့က်င့္ခန္းေလးကိုစမ္းေျဖႀကည့္ပါဦး။ Defintions ေတြကိုသက္ဆုိင္ရာစာလံုးမ်ားႏွင့္တြဲေပးပါ။
1) To do as commanded or asked
2) Proper; suitable to the situation
3) A choice
4) Extreme; harsh or intense
5) To admit or confess
6) To force
7) Very honest
8) An interesting short story about an event
9) Saying much in a few clear words
10) To prevent; to avoid
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ဤေလ့က်င့္ခန္း၏အေျဖႏွင့္ ေနာက္ဆက္တြဲေလ့က်င့္ခန္းမ်ားကို ေနာက္ေန႕တြင္ ဆက္လက္တင္ဆက္ပါမည္။
မွတ္ခ်က္.. Building Vocabulary Skills စာအုပ္မွကူးယူေဖာ္ျပပါသည္။
Vocabulary Chapter-1 (EX)
အရင္ပို႕စ္က အေျဖေတြပါ။
1) comply
2) appropriate
3) alternative
4) drastic
5) acknowlege
6) compel
7) candid
8) anecdote
9) concise
10) avert
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Exercise I: Fill in the blanks
1) Because Frank seems so _____ , everyone believes him even when he tells a lie.
2) The drummer told interesting ____s about famous rock singers he had played for.
3) People often take ____ steps in anger, and they later regret their extreme actions.
4) When he saw no way to ____ the plane crash, the pilot parachuted to saftety.
5) In a traditional wedding, the clergyman or clergy woman is often wordy, while the bride and groom are very ____ , saying just " I do."
6) Any player who does not ___ with the rules will be dropped from the team.
7) A couple of older boys tried to ____ some first-gradders to hand over their lunch money.
8) To earn money for college, Theo felt he had to either join the army or get a job. He didn't like either ____ .
9) When the real ax-murderer confessed, the police had to ____ that the wrong man had been jailed.
10) In most American schools, it is not ____ for students to call their teachers by their first names.>>>
Exercise II: Fill in the blanks
1-2. " I ___ that you have a perfect right to do whatever you like with your hair, " said the teenage girl's mother. " But, to be ___, I don't find green curls attractive."
3-4. In colonial America, it was thought ____ for a wife to ____ with all her husband's commands.
5-6. " The poor economic situation leaves me no ____, " said the company president. " It ____s me to lay off some of our workers. "
7-8. Our business instructor told an ____ about a company that ____(e)d failure by sharing ownership with all its workers.
9-10. The sale sign was huge but ____. It said only, " _____ price cuts."
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အေျဖမ်ား။ ။
Exericise I >>
1) candid
2) anecdote
3) drastic
4) avert
5) concise
6) comply
7) compel
8) alternative
9) acknowledge
10) appropriate
Exercise II>>
1) acknowledge
2) candid
3) appropriate
4) comply
5) alternative
6) compel
7) anecdote
8) avert
9) concise
10) drastic
မွတ္ခ်က္.. Building Vocabulary Skills စာအုပ္မွကူးယူေဖာ္ျပပါသည္။
Vocabulary Chapter-2
1) dialog - n
- The movie was shown with English subtitles because all its dialog was in French.
- At the PCA meeting last night, a dialog between parents and the faculty helped to clear up some differences between them.
2) erratic - n
- Children's eating habits are erratic. One day they'll barely eat, and the next they'll eat enough for three.
- The driver ahead of me was erratic - he kept changing his speed and his lame.
3) extensive - adj
- Selina did extensive research for her paper - it took her several weeks.
- To save the wounded police officer, doctors performed extensive surgery that lasted for hours.
4) forfeit - v
- The basketball players were upset when the team bus broke down and they had to forfeit an important game.
- If Phil damages his parents' car againg, he will forfeit the right to drive more.
5) fortify - v
- The night before running a marathon, Elsa fortifies herself by eating a large plate of pasta.
- The builders plan to fortify the old tower with steel beams.
6) illuminate - v
- Before electricity, streets were illuminated by gaslight.
- On Halloween, we made our trick-or-treat rounds with a flashlight to illuminate the way.
7) isolate - v
- I thought I would enjoy isolating myself at the vacation cabin, but I soon felt lonely.
- Freddy was such a troublemaker that the teacher put his desk in a far corner to isolate him from the other students.
8) refuge - n
- A motorcycle offers no refuge in bad weather.
- My boyfriend and I first met when we took refuge in the same doorway during a sudden rain.
9) reminisce- v
- On their wedding anniversary, Lenny and Jean reminisced about their first date.
- My father showed me his trophy and reminisced about his years as a star basketball player.
10) urban- adj
- Skyscrapers make for tightly packed urban populations. For example, some 16,000 people work in the Sears Tower in Chicago.
- Gladys likes urban living because she grew up in the city, but Emilio, who grew up on a farm, prefers country life.
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အေျဖမ်ား
1) dialog- B [ အျပန္အလွန္စကားေျပာ ]
2) erratic- C [ တစ္သမတ္တည္းမဟုတ္ေသာ၊ အေျပာင္းအလဲျမန္ေသာ ]
3) extensive- C [ က်ယ္ျပန္႕ေသာ ]
4) forfeit- A [ လက္လႊတ္အဆံုးရံႈးခံသည္ ]
5) fortify- A [ ခုခံႏိုင္ရန္ အခိုင္အခံ့ ျပဳလုပ္သည္ ]
6) illuminate- C [ မီးထြန္းသည္ ]
7) isolate- B [ သီးသန္႕ထားသည္၊ သီးျခားရွိေစသည္ ]
8) refuge- A [ ခုိလံႈရာ ]
9) reminisce- A [ ျပန္စဥ္းစားသည္၊ စားျမံဳ႕ျပန္သည္ ]
10) urban- B [ ျမိဳ႕ျပႏွင့္သက္ဆုိင္ေသာ ]
Matching Words with Definitions
1) To light up
2) To lose through some fault; to be forced to give up by way of penalty
3) Shelter; protection
4) Of or in a city
5) A conversation; the conversation between characters in a story, novel, or play
6) To separate from others
7) Large in space or amount
8) To strengthen
9) To remember and talk about the past
10) Not consistent
အေျဖမ်ား
1) illuminate
2) forfeit
3) refuge
4) urban
5) dialog
6) isolate
7) extensive
8) fortify
9) reminisce
10) erratic
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မွတ္ခ်က္.. Building Vocabulary Skills စာအုပ္မွကူးယူေဖာ္ျပပါသည္။
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